Latest developments in most cancers vaccine improvement have demonstrated their potential for exact tumor focusing on by means of antigen-specific immune activation. However, vital challenges persist in scientific translation, together with inefficient antigen cross-presentation, suboptimal carrier-mediated immunogenicity, and systemic immune-related adversarial occasions. These drawbacks spotlight the urgent requirement for inventive approaches to engineer next-generation vaccine platforms that synergistically improve antigen supply effectivity, immune activation precision, and biosafety.
Herein, this examine constructed a pH-responsive nanovaccine (Lyc-OVA) based mostly on polysaccharide-functionalized CDs derived from Lycium barbarum (Lyc-CDs). The distinctive floor chemistry of Lyc-CDs, enriched with hydroxyl/amino teams and retained LBP, endowed Lyc-OVA with excessive antigen-loading capability (48.4%) and tumor microenvironment-triggered launch (80% OVA launch at pH 5.4). In vitro, Lyc-OVA enhanced DCs maturation (CD80+CD86+ proportion matching LPS controls) and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6). In vivo, Lyc-OVA considerably inhibited major/distal tumor development (80.36%/82.16% inhibition charges) by activation of CD4+CD8+ T cells，discount of immunosuppressive Treg/MDSC populations and reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Journal reference:
Xu, Q., et al. (2025). Development of pH-responsive Lycium barbarum-derived carbon dots nanovaccines for enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapy. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100203. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1000681825001596?viapercent3Dihub